What is the main purpose of probability sampling?

The main purpose of probability sampling is to ensure every individual has an equal chance of being selected. This method is foundational in statistical research because it allows researchers to create a sample that is representative of the entire population. By providing each member of the population an equal opportunity to be chosen, probability sampling enhances the validity and reliability of the study's findings. This kind of sampling helps minimize bias and allows for the application of statistical inference, which means that conclusions drawn from the sample can be generalized to the larger population with greater confidence.

Using probability sampling techniques, researchers can effectively capture diverse viewpoints within the population, which leads to more accurate data and conclusions. This method also facilitates the use of inferential statistics, making it easier for researchers to test hypotheses and derive insights.

Other options do not align with the primary purpose of probability sampling. Reducing costs may be a benefit but isn't the reason for using this sampling method. Convenience sampling is contrary to probability sampling, as it does not give all individuals an equal chance of selection. Lastly, seeking a biased outcome directly opposes the principles of objective research, which probability sampling aims to uphold.