What is typically the first step in any research project?

The first step in any research project is formulating a research question. This crucial step lays the foundation for the entire research endeavor. A well-defined research question narrows the focus of the study, guides the research design, and helps in determining the appropriate methodologies for data collection and analysis. It essentially frames what the researcher aims to investigate, helps to clarify the goals of the study, and sets the stage for a meaningful exploration of the topic.

Understanding existing literature can indeed provide context and background, which is important, but this typically follows the formulation of the research question. Without a specific question, the literature reviewed may lack direction and relevance. Similarly, selecting research methods, collecting data, and analyzing that data all depend on having a clear research question in place first to ensure that the efforts align with the research objectives.