Which type of validity assesses if the content of a test is representative of the construct being measured?

Content validity is the type of validity that examines whether the various elements of a test adequately represent the construct being measured. It focuses on the degree to which the test items provide a complete sample of the behavior or trait in question. For example, if a test is designed to measure mathematical ability, content validity ensures that all relevant areas of mathematics are covered, such as arithmetic, algebra, and geometry, thereby providing a comprehensive assessment of overall mathematical skills.

This form of validity is crucial during the test development phase, as it ensures that the test items align closely with the theoretical construct, thus allowing for an accurate evaluation of the trait being measured. It often involves expert judgment and analysis to confirm that all necessary content areas are included and appropriately represented, which helps bolster the credibility of the test results.